Week 1 7 and 10 of July, 2008 (2 1/2 hours)
Topics: Epstein, R.L. Chapters 1 and 2
Week 2 14 and 17 of July 2008 (3 hours)
Epstein, R.L. Chapters 3 and 4
Week 3 21 and 24 of July 2008 (2 1/2 hours)
Epstein, R.L. Chapters 5 and 6
Week 4 28 and 31 of July 2008 (3 hours)
Epstein, R.L. Chapters 7 and 8
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15 comments:
Hai Dr,
This is my first time enter you blog.
Hi johan
tq for dropping by my blog
hope that this blog can help you.do comment or post anything that you like and also encourage your friends to drop by cheers
Hi Dr. Rashid,
This is to inform you that i plan to talk about "My Favorite Past Time - Tennis" for your public speaking class presentation.
Thank you.
Assalamualaikum.
Dr., my topic for public speaking is computer expert
T.Q.
Aslmkom Dr.
My public speaking presentation is about ' Emphaty & symphaty'.
That's all. tq.
Assalamualaikum Dr !
This is my topic for the public speaking is "ART EDUCATION NEGLECTED"
Wassalam
Read yr announcement dated 9th July and noted the term used as Mrs Norini. I think the the usage is wrongly used becoz 'Mrs' means the spouse of. So Mrs Norini means the spouse of Norini but that's her name. What says u?
Exercises for Chapter 1
Answers
1. It is about arguments and convincings.
2. This course is important because Critical Thinking is:-
- fundamental, if not essential for“a rational and democratic
society”
- necessary condition for the success of democratic institutions.
Much of our thinking, if left to itself, is biased, distorted,
partial or down-right prejudiced. Yet the quality of our life and
that of what we produce, make, or build depends precisely on the
quality of our thought. Shoddy thinking is costly, both in money
and in quality of life. Excellence in thought, however, must be
systematically cultivated.
3. An attempt to convince is an “argument”. In an argument, we can
convince others. Others try to convince us. We can convince ourselves.
4 a. Yes.
4. b. Yes, but it depends on who says it.
4 e. No, it is a command.
4 i. Yes.
4 k. Yes.
4. m. Yes
6. An argument is an attempt to convince someone that a claim is true.
In short, the argument should be sentences that are either true or
false.
7. The point of an argument is to establish or convince that a claim or
rather the “conclusion” is true.
8. Premises are a collection of claims which are given as the reasons
for believing the conclusion is true. While a conclusion is an
argument to convince others that a particular claim is true.
9. Commands and threats are not arguments.
Example: Shut your mouth!
12. Not sure, because arguments use language. If she is talking to
herself, then it is an argument.
20. There is no conclusion. It is not an argument.
From: Ng Kock Foey (PEP 070015)
website: www.kelvinkfoey.blogspot.com or www.hwangkelvin.blogspot.com
Answers to Chapter 1
Q2 i. Pg. 1, Paragraph 4, last sentence "You'll be able to comprehend better what you're reading and write more clearly and convincingly."
ii. Pg. 2, first paragraph, last sentence "What we hope to do in this course is hone that skill, sharpen your judgment, and show you that the methods of evaluating reasoning apply to much in your life."
Q4 d. yes.
e. no, it is a declarative sentence.
f. no, it is a question.
j. yes.
l. yes.
m. yes.
Q6 An attempt to convince someone.
Q10. Najib: I swore in Allah's name.
Q11. "More Good News." The Sun, Monday July 14.
It is a claim because it might be true or false. It is not an argument because it is not convincing enough.
From: pohsim PEP 070029
Chapter 1 answers :
1. convincing
3. convince others.Others try to convince us. We can convince ourselves.
4. a,b,i,m
6. An argument is attempt to convince someone.
7. The point of an argument is to convince that a claim,the conclusion is true.
8. A premise is a statement or an idea that forms the basis for a reasonable line of argument.
9. Commands are not argument.
e.g. Out of my office now !
10.The price of petrol increse 30 cents by next month.
20. Not an argument; no conclusion.
27. Honesty
Chapter 2
Ex.Section A :
2. e,f,m,o
5. a.No
b.No
Ex.Section B :
1. a. A claim depends on what someone thinks,believes or feels.
b. The opposite of a.
c. No.
6. b-subjective
c-subjective
e-objective
g-objective;difinitely
h-subjective;depend on whose answer?
n-subjective;how you know?
o-subjective;anybody saw it before?
from: YANG SUAN CHIN (PEP070030)
Dr. Rashid,
I have sent my answers of chapters 1 to 4, but i have sent to another place but in your blog.Please tell me what must i do?
(From PEP 070025)
Dr. Rashid,
I have sent the answers of the first four chapters to "Ways to Enhance Your Non-Verbal Communication Skills."
Please tell me what should I do next but I hope that you will be kind enough to let me NOT to redo them, otherwise, I have to answer another 40 answers again !
(From PEP 070025)
Note: Dr. Rashid, please acknowledge if you have check my answers. Thank you. (Chapter 1 answers already posted on 20 July 2008, please check)
Chapter 2
Section B
1. a. A claim is subjective if its truth value depends on what someone thinks, believes, or feels.
1. b. A claim is objective if its truth value does not depend on what someone thinks, believes, or feels. (i.e. not subjective.)
1. c. No. A claim must be either subjective or objective.
2. “Personal standard” means a standard sets by individual, not necessarily shared by anyone else.
4. A sentence that is too vague to be taken as an objective claim might be acceptable as a subjective claim because we don't have very precise language to describe our feelings.
6. a. Objective claim.
6. b. Subjective claim.
6. d. Subjective claim. Even though, I think it is objective and true by my “personal standard”. Hahaha!!!
6. i. Subjective claim.
6. j. Objective claim (according to law).
Section C
1. A claim is prescriptive if it says what should be.
2. Prescriptive claim. Standard needed? Yes.
3. Descriptive. Standard needed ? No.
4. Prescriptive. Standard needed? Yes.
11. Descriptive. Standard needed? No, it's just a subjective value judgement. Unless the clerk has profound knowledge of art and art history.
12. Prescriptive claim. Standard needed? Yes.
From: Ng Kock Foey (PEP 070015)
Hello,Dr.
Ans. to Chap.5 Exs. for Sec.A & B.12. Three choices we can make about whether to believe a claim are :-
(i) Accept the claim as true.
(ii) Reject the claim as false.
(iii) Suspend judgement.
3. Because it's impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion false.
6. No. It's just the experience of other people.
Sec. B.
3. The criteria go from ones closest to our own experience to those furthest.
16. Clearly biased: "Masking their greed under a cloak of politics". Suspend judgement on all of it.
25a. Reject. (Common knowledge that it's false.)
25b. Reject. Change doctors.
25c. Reject.(Personal experience.)
25g. Suspend judgement.(Biased source.)
Sec. C
8. Why would anyone who can get $250,000 per year playing craps share his secret with us? Good reason to reject the claim on hthe first line.
Sec.D.
2a. An appeal to authority is when we accept a cl;aim because of who said it.
9. Suzy really blew it! She's taking the word of an authority over her own experience. Above all we should trust our own experience.
19. Just a comment on the speaker's apparent inconsistency.
Chap. 6. Sec A.1 & A.2.
1. A compound claim is one composed of other claims, but which has to be viewed as just one claim.
2. Alternatives.
3. The contradictory of a claim is one that has the opposite truth-value in all possible circumstances. Sometimes a contradictory is called the negation of a claim.
15. Not a claim.
Sec. A.
3. A false dilemma is a bad use of excluding possibilities whrer the " or" claim is false or implausible. Sometimes just the dubious "or" claim itself is called a "false dilemma".
Sec. B.1.
6. A, but not B.
Sec.B.2
1a. If Flo doesn't have to take a bath, then she didn't play with Spot.
8a. If Maria buys a new dress, then she got a bonus this month. A necessary condition for Maria to buy a new dress is that she gets a bonus this month.
Sec. B.3
6. Flo came over early to play.(direct way)
9. Zoe did not wash the dishes.(indirect way)
Exs. for Chap. 6.
5. A slippery slope argument is a bad argument that uses a chain of conditionals, at least one of which is false or dubious.
Exs. for Chap. 7.
2. Raising objections to parts of an argument to show the argument is bad.
3. Nothing.
4. I'll have to think about that.
10. Unrepairable.
11. To reduce to the absurd is to show that at least one of several claims is false or dubious, or collectively they are unacceptable, by drawing a false or unwanted conclusion from them.
13. Ridicule is not an argument.
15. It's a bad argument.
16a. A strawman is putting words in someone's mouth. Refuting an argument or claim that the other person didn't really say.
19. Reducing to the absurd. Whether it's effective depends on what unstated premises are added to make it valid or strong. If the other person accepts capital punishment , it might be effective.
20. Tom's presented a strawman. Lee is for equal rights, not preferences. Tom has a common misconception, identifying equal rights laws with affirmative action programs. Doesn't refute.
Chap. 8.
1. Dogs eat meat. Every dog eatrs meat.
2. At least one cat swims. There is a cat that swims.
5. Everything that flies is a bird.
7. Dogs and only dogs are domestic canines.
8. Nothing that's a pig can fly. Pigs can't fly.
10a. Some students don't like to study.
10b. Some women are construction workers.
10h. Some donkeys don't eat carrots.
11b. Sometimes it rains in Seattle in July.
11c. Spot will always chase Puff.
Sec.B.
7. c
8. d
9. c
10. c
11. d
12. d
13. d
14. d
Sec.C
1. All but a very few teenagers listen to rock music. Nearly every teenagers listens to music.
3. strong
6. strong
13. strong
Rev. Exe Chap. 6 - 8
22. A slippery slope argument is bad and doesn't refute
23. Ridicule is not an argument.
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